Well Pump Reset Button? Here’s How to Reset it!

Understanding Your Well Pump and the Reset Button: Your Guide to Water Supply

For many homeowners, a reliable source of fresh water hinges on a single, crucial device: the well pump. This workhorse diligently draws water from the underground aquifer, delivering it to your taps, showers, and appliances. When it stops working, it can disrupt your entire household.

But before you panic, understanding the basics of your well pump system can empower you to troubleshoot common issues and potentially restore your water supply with a simple reset.

The Well Pump’s Lifeline: Access to Water

The significance of a properly functioning well pump cannot be overstated. It’s more than just a convenience; it’s essential for basic sanitation, cooking, and hydration.

A malfunctioning pump can quickly lead to:

• Inability to shower or flush toilets.
• Disrupted cooking and cleaning routines.
• Potential health concerns due to lack of potable water.

Therefore, knowing how to address common pump problems is a vital skill for any homeowner relying on well water.

The Control Box: The Well Pump’s Operational Hub

The heart of your well pump system isn’t just the pump itself, but also the well pump control box. This unassuming component acts as the pump’s brain, managing its operation and protecting it from damage.

Think of it as a sophisticated electrical panel specifically designed for your well pump.

Within this control box resides a small but significant feature: the reset button.

The Reset Button: Restarting Your System

The reset button is a crucial component designed to interrupt power in case of a motor overload or other electrical fault.

It’s a safety mechanism intended to protect the pump motor from burning out.

When the pump trips, the reset button allows you to attempt a restart, potentially resolving minor issues without requiring professional intervention.

However, it’s important to realize that frequent tripping indicates a more serious issue that requires professional attention.

What is a Well Pump Control Box? A Deep Dive

As we’ve seen, the well pump is essential, and the reset button offers a potential quick fix. But to truly understand why a reset might be necessary, we need to delve deeper into the unsung hero of the well water system: the well pump control box.

The control box is far more than just a housing for the reset button; it’s the brains and brawn behind your pump’s operation.

Defining the Well Pump Control Box

The well pump control box is an electrical enclosure, usually a gray metal box, that houses the electrical components necessary to start, stop, and protect your submersible well pump. It’s typically located near the pressure tank or well head, though sometimes it can be found inside the house near the water system.

Inside, you’ll find components like:

• Capacitors: These provide the initial surge of power needed to start the pump motor.
• Relays (or contactors): Electrically operated switches that control the flow of power to the pump.
• Overload Protection: A crucial safety device that prevents the motor from overheating and burning out.
• Wiring and Connections: To safely distribute power to the pump.

Primary Functions: Starting, Stopping, and Protecting

The control box serves three critical functions: starting, stopping, and protecting the well pump.

• Starting: Submersible well pumps, especially those powered by 230V, often require a boost to get the motor running. The control box uses capacitors to provide this initial jolt of energy.
• Stopping: The control box works in conjunction with a pressure switch to stop the pump when the desired water pressure is reached in the pressure tank.
• Protecting: This is arguably the most important function. The control box incorporates overload protection to safeguard the pump motor from damage due to overcurrent or overheating.

The Importance of Overload Protection

Imagine running your car engine at maximum RPM for an extended period. The engine would overheat and likely suffer severe damage. The same principle applies to your well pump motor.

Overload protection is designed to prevent this scenario.

If the motor draws excessive current, due to a blockage, a worn-out motor, or low voltage, the overload protection trips, shutting down the pump to prevent it from burning out. This tripping is often what necessitates pressing the reset button. Ignoring frequent overload trips can lead to costly pump replacements.

The Role of the Pressure Switch

The pressure switch is a separate but closely related component. It’s usually mounted on the pipe near the pressure tank, and it monitors the water pressure in the system.

When the pressure drops below a set "cut-in" point (e.g., 40 PSI), the pressure switch signals the control box to start the pump. The pump then runs until the pressure reaches the "cut-out" point (e.g., 60 PSI), at which point the pressure switch signals the control box to stop the pump.

This cycle ensures a consistent water pressure in your home. Problems with the pressure switch can sometimes mimic pump problems, so it’s a component to keep in mind during troubleshooting.

Locating the Reset Button: A Visual Guide

Now that we understand the pivotal role the control box plays, the next step is pinpointing that all-important reset button. The placement and appearance can vary depending on the manufacturer and model of your control box, but here’s a breakdown of common locations and visual cues to help you locate it quickly.

Common Locations on the Control Box

The reset button is typically found on the exterior of the control box for easy access. However, in some models, it may be located inside the box, requiring you to open it (after disconnecting power, of course!). Here are the most likely locations:

• Front Panel: The most common location. Scan the front of the box, usually near the center or along one of the edges.

• Side Panel: If not on the front, check the sides of the control box.

• Inside the Box: In some older or less common models, you’ll need to carefully open the control box (after disconnecting power at the breaker!) to find the reset button.

Identifying the Reset Button: Visual Clues

Once you’ve located the general area, look for these identifying features:

• Color: The reset button is often, but not always, a distinctive color to make it easily identifiable. Red, yellow, or black are common.

• Shape: The button is usually small and circular or rectangular. It may be slightly recessed or raised.

• Labeling: Look for labels such as "Reset," "Overload," "OL," or a small icon depicting a power symbol with an arrow looping back.

Specific Types of Reset Buttons

There are a few common types of reset buttons you might encounter:

Push-Button Reset

This is the most common type. You simply press and hold the button for a few seconds to reset the overload protection.

Toggle Switch Reset

Some older control boxes may use a small toggle switch instead of a button. Flip the switch to the "Reset" position, then back to the "On" position.

Manual Reset

In rare cases, you might find a manual reset lever or dial inside the control box. These typically require a screwdriver or similar tool to operate. Always disconnect power before attempting to use a manual reset inside the box.

Importance of Visual Inspection

Take a moment to carefully visually inspect the entire control box. Look for any signs of damage, such as cracks, burns, or loose wires. These issues should be addressed by a qualified electrician before attempting to reset the pump.

Why Did My Well Pump Trip? Common Causes Explained

A tripped well pump, indicated by the need to press the reset button on the control box, signals that something is amiss within the system. Understanding the underlying causes is crucial to preventing recurring issues and ensuring a reliable water supply. The reset button, in essence, is your well pump’s way of saying, "Hey, I’ve encountered a problem and shut down to protect myself." Let’s delve into the common culprits behind this shutdown.

Overload Protection: The Pump’s Guardian Angel

Most well pump control boxes incorporate overload protection. This feature is designed to safeguard the pump motor from overheating and potential damage due to excessive current draw. Think of it as a circuit breaker specifically tailored for your well pump motor.

When the motor pulls more amps than it’s rated for, the overload protection trips, cutting power to the pump. This prevents the motor windings from burning out, a costly repair. This overcurrent draw can stem from several sources.

Voltage Fluctuations and Power Surges

Electricity isn’t always a consistent stream. Voltage fluctuations, whether dips (brownouts) or spikes (surges), can wreak havoc on electrical equipment, including well pumps. Low voltage forces the motor to work harder to achieve the same output, increasing current draw and potentially tripping the overload protection.

Power surges, on the other hand, can overwhelm the pump’s electrical components, causing instant damage or leading to a gradual decline in performance that eventually results in a trip. Investing in a surge protector specifically designed for well pumps is a wise preventative measure.

Power Outages and Their Aftermath

A power outage itself doesn’t directly trip the pump. However, the reinstatement of power can. When power returns, there can be a surge, as mentioned above.

Additionally, the pump might try to restart while the pressure in the system is still low, leading to an extended run time that overloads the motor.

Frozen Pipes: A Winter Nightmare

In colder climates, frozen pipes are a common cause of well pump issues. When water freezes in the pipes leading to or from the pump, it creates a blockage. The pump then has to work much harder to try and move the water, leading to an overload.

If you suspect frozen pipes, do not run the pump. Thaw the pipes carefully using a hair dryer or heat tape before attempting to restart the pump.

Motor Issues and Overcurrent Draw

The well pump motor itself can be the source of the problem. As motors age, they can develop internal issues, such as worn bearings or failing windings. These issues increase friction and resistance, causing the motor to draw more current than normal.

A failing motor is a serious problem and usually necessitates a professional inspection and, more often than not, a replacement. Ignoring a motor issue can lead to complete failure and potentially damage other components of the well system. Keep in mind a motor can draw excessive current due to a failing capacitor as well. Capacitors can be tested with a multimeter.

Troubleshooting the reasons for a tripped well pump requires a systematic approach. By understanding these common causes, you can better diagnose the problem and take appropriate action, whether it’s a simple reset or a call to a qualified professional.

Step-by-Step Guide: Resetting Your Well Pump Safely

As we’ve seen, a tripped well pump can stem from a variety of causes. Fortunately, in many cases, a simple reset can get your water flowing again. However, safety must be your utmost priority. Electricity and water are a dangerous combination, and proceeding without caution can lead to serious injury or even death. This section provides a detailed, step-by-step guide to safely resetting your well pump.

Safety First: Disconnecting the Power

Before you do anything else, you must disconnect the electricity supply to the well pump control box. This is non-negotiable. Locate the circuit breaker in your home’s electrical panel that controls the well pump. It should be labeled, but if not, you may need to test breakers to identify the correct one.

Flip the breaker to the "OFF" position. Double-check to ensure the pump is no longer receiving power. You can confirm this by observing if any lights or indicators on the control box are off. Treat all electrical components as live until you have positively confirmed the power is disconnected.

Locating the Well Pump Control Box

The control box is usually located near the pressure tank or the well itself. It’s a gray, metal box.

Opening the Control Box (If Necessary)

Some control boxes have an external reset button, while others require you to open the box to access it. If you need to open the control box, use a screwdriver to carefully remove the cover.

Be extremely cautious when opening the box. Even with the power off, components inside may still hold a residual charge. Avoid touching any wires or components unless absolutely necessary.

Identifying the Reset Button

The reset button is typically a small, red or black button located inside the control box. It might be labeled "RESET" or have a symbol indicating its function.

Pressing and Holding the Reset Button

Once you’ve located the reset button, press it firmly and hold it down for the recommended duration.

This is usually around 3-5 seconds. Consult your well pump’s manual for the specific recommended duration for your model.

Closing the Control Box (If Opened)

If you opened the control box to access the reset button, carefully replace the cover and secure it with the screws.

Ensure that all wires and components are properly positioned and that no wires are pinched or damaged.

Restoring Electricity

After closing the control box, return to your electrical panel and flip the circuit breaker back to the "ON" position.

Monitoring the Well Pump’s Operation

After restoring power, closely monitor the well pump’s operation. Listen for the pump to start and observe if water is being delivered to your fixtures. Check the pressure gauge on the pressure tank to ensure the pump is building pressure correctly.

If the pump still doesn’t start or exhibits any unusual behavior, immediately turn off the breaker again and proceed to the "Troubleshooting After Resetting" section, or consult a qualified professional.

Troubleshooting After Resetting: What to Do if It Still Doesn’t Work

Resetting the well pump is often the first step in restoring water service, but what happens when the reset button doesn’t solve the problem? Several factors can prevent the pump from functioning correctly even after a successful reset. Let’s explore some common scenarios and their potential solutions.

Pump Doesn’t Start: Power and Connection Issues

If the pump fails to start after resetting, the first step is to re-verify that it is receiving power.

• Check the Breaker: Go back to your electrical panel and ensure the well pump circuit breaker hasn’t tripped again. If it has, resetting it once more might provide temporary relief, but it also signals a larger problem that needs investigation. Repeatedly tripped breakers are a sign of a potentially dangerous electrical issue.

• Inspect Wiring Connections: Examine the wiring connections at the control box and the pump itself. Look for loose wires, corrosion, or any signs of damage. A loose connection can prevent the pump from receiving the necessary power to start. Tighten any loose connections and replace any damaged wiring.

• Voltage Issues: Use a multimeter to check the voltage at the control box. Low voltage can prevent the pump from starting, especially under load. If the voltage is consistently low, consult an electrician to evaluate your electrical system.

Pump Runs but No Water: Prime Loss and Blockages

A running pump that fails to deliver water points to different set of potential problems. The most common culprits are prime loss and obstructions within the system.

• Re-priming the Pump: Well pumps, particularly shallow well pumps, need to be primed, meaning they need to have water in the pump housing to create suction. Check your pump’s manual for specific priming instructions. Usually, this involves opening a priming port and pouring water into the pump housing until it’s full, then restarting the pump.

• Check for Leaks: A leak in the suction line can cause the pump to lose prime. Inspect all fittings and pipes leading to the pump for signs of leaks. Even a small leak can introduce air into the system and prevent the pump from drawing water.

• Inspect the Well Screen: The well screen at the bottom of the well can become clogged with sediment, preventing water from entering the pump. If you suspect a clogged well screen, you may need to consult a well service professional to have it cleaned or replaced. This often requires specialized equipment.

Pump Cycles On and Off Rapidly: Pressure Switch and Air

Rapid cycling, where the pump turns on and off frequently, usually indicates issues with the pressure switch or the presence of air in the water system.

• Pressure Switch Problems: The pressure switch controls when the pump turns on and off based on water pressure. A faulty pressure switch can cause the pump to cycle rapidly. Check the pressure switch for any signs of damage or corrosion. You can also try adjusting the pressure switch settings, but be careful and consult the manufacturer’s instructions first.

• Air in the System: Air in the water lines can also cause rapid cycling. Check your pressure tank for proper air charge. The pressure tank should have an air bladder that helps maintain consistent water pressure. If the air bladder is damaged or the air charge is too low, the pump may cycle rapidly. You can use a tire pressure gauge to check the air pressure in the tank.

• Waterlogged Pressure Tank: Over time, pressure tanks can become waterlogged, meaning they lose their air charge. A waterlogged tank can lead to rapid cycling and reduced water pressure. You may need to drain the tank and recharge it with air, or replace the tank entirely if the bladder is damaged.

By systematically addressing these potential problems, you can often diagnose and resolve common well pump issues after resetting. However, remember that dealing with water and electricity can be dangerous. If you’re uncomfortable performing any of these troubleshooting steps, or if the problem persists, it’s always best to call a qualified professional.

When to Call a Professional: Recognizing Your Limits

While troubleshooting a well pump issue can sometimes be addressed with a simple reset, there are times when attempting a DIY fix can be dangerous or simply ineffective. Knowing when to call a qualified plumber or electrician can save you time, money, and potential injury.

Recurring Reset Trips: A Sign of Deeper Issues

If your well pump control box reset button trips repeatedly, it’s a clear indication of an underlying problem that needs professional attention. This could be due to a failing pump motor, wiring issues, or problems with the well itself.

Ignoring these repeated trips can lead to further damage to your well pump system and potentially leave you without water. A professional can accurately diagnose the cause of the trips and implement a lasting solution.

Recognizing Electrical Warning Signs

Any signs of electrical problems warrant immediate professional intervention. Never attempt to diagnose or repair electrical issues yourself if you are not a qualified electrician.

These warning signs include:

• Burnt Wiring: The smell of burning plastic or seeing visibly burnt wires is a serious indicator of electrical malfunction.
• Sparking: Any sparking near the control box or pump is a major safety hazard and requires immediate attention.
• Frayed or Damaged Insulation: Compromised wiring insulation exposes live wires, posing a significant risk of electrical shock.

When Troubleshooting Fails

If you’ve followed the reset procedure and attempted basic troubleshooting steps but the well pump still doesn’t function, it’s time to call in a professional. Continuing to experiment without the proper knowledge and tools can potentially worsen the situation or lead to further damage.

The Value of Expertise

Plumbers and electricians have the training, experience, and equipment necessary to accurately diagnose and repair complex well pump system issues. They can identify problems that are not immediately obvious and ensure that repairs are carried out safely and effectively.

When in Doubt, Seek Expert Advice

If you have any uncertainty about working with electricity or the well pump system, always err on the side of caution and call a professional. It’s better to be safe than sorry when dealing with potentially dangerous equipment. Your safety, and the longevity of your well pump system, are worth the cost of professional service.

If you’ve followed the reset procedure and attempted basic troubleshooting steps but the well pump still doesn’t function, it’s time to call in a professional. However, before you even consider troubleshooting, a paramount concern must be addressed: safety.

Essential Safety Precautions: Electricity and Water Don’t Mix

The inherent danger of working with electrical systems in wet environments cannot be overstated. Electricity and water are a lethal combination, and even a seemingly minor mistake can have devastating consequences. This section underscores the critical safety measures needed to prevent electrical shock when dealing with your well pump system.

The Deadly Duo: Understanding the Risk

Water dramatically increases the conductivity of electricity. This means that even a small electrical leak can create a pathway for current to flow through your body, leading to severe injury or even death. Never underestimate the risk – always assume that any electrical component near water is potentially hazardous.

Absolute Must: Disconnecting Power

Before touching anything related to your well pump system, the absolute first step is to disconnect the power supply at the circuit breaker. Don’t rely on a switch – physically turn off the breaker that controls the well pump circuit.

Verify the power is off using a non-contact voltage tester. This device will detect the presence of electricity without requiring you to touch any wires. If the tester indicates voltage, double-check that you’ve turned off the correct breaker. If you’re unsure, err on the side of caution and call a qualified electrician.

Grounding: Your First Line of Defense

Proper grounding is a vital safety measure. Grounding provides a safe path for electrical current to flow in the event of a fault, reducing the risk of shock.

Ensure that your well pump system is properly grounded according to local electrical codes. This typically involves connecting a grounding wire from the pump motor and control box to a grounding rod driven into the earth.

Checking Ground Connections

Regularly inspect ground connections for corrosion or damage. A loose or corroded ground connection can render the grounding system ineffective. If you find any issues, clean the connections thoroughly or replace the grounding wire entirely.

Essential Safety Equipment

When working around electrical systems, certain safety equipment is essential.

Rubber Gloves and Insulated Tools

Always wear rubber gloves that are specifically designed for electrical work. These gloves provide a layer of insulation that can protect you from electrical shock.

Use tools with insulated handles to further reduce the risk.

Safety Glasses

Protect your eyes from sparks or debris by wearing safety glasses.

Staying Dry: A Simple Precaution

Avoid standing in water or on damp surfaces when working with electrical components. Water increases the risk of electrical shock. Wear rubber boots to insulate yourself from the ground.

Respecting the Power

Even with all the necessary precautions, it’s important to maintain a healthy respect for electricity. Never become complacent or take shortcuts when working with electrical systems. If you’re uncomfortable or unsure about any aspect of the process, call a qualified electrician. Your safety is paramount.

Essential safety is the watchword when dealing with any electrical system, particularly one intertwined with a water source like your well pump. Now, let’s shift our focus to proactive strategies: preventative maintenance. Consistent upkeep can significantly reduce the likelihood of well pump failures, saving you time, money, and the inconvenience of being without water.

Preventative Maintenance: Keeping Your Well Pump Running Smoothly

A little preventative maintenance can go a long way in ensuring your well pump operates reliably for years to come. Regular attention to key areas can help identify and address potential problems before they escalate into costly repairs or complete system failures.

Regular Inspections: Eyes On, Problems Gone

Establish a routine for inspecting your well pump system. This doesn’t require specialized tools, but rather a keen eye for detail.

• Visual Check of the Pump and Control Box: Look for any signs of physical damage, such as cracks, dents, or rust. Note any unusual noises during operation.

• Wiring Assessment: Examine wiring connections for looseness, fraying, or corrosion. Secure any loose connections and replace damaged wiring promptly.

• Moisture Detection: Check for leaks around the pump, piping, and control box. Even small leaks can indicate a problem that needs addressing.

  • Addressing leaks early prevents bigger issues later.

Wiring Wisdom: Connections are Key

Electrical connections are the lifeblood of your well pump system. Poor connections can lead to voltage drops, overheating, and ultimately, pump failure.

• Tighten Connections: Periodically tighten all wiring connections in the control box and at the pump motor. Ensure connections are secure but not overtightened, which can damage the terminals.

• Combat Corrosion: Corrosion can impede electrical flow. Clean corroded connections with a wire brush and apply a corrosion inhibitor to protect them.

  • Use dielectric grease for corrosion prevention on electrical connectors.

• Professional Wiring: If you observe extensive or complex wiring issues, consult a qualified electrician. Improper wiring can be dangerous and can void warranties.

Temperature Taming: Protecting Against Extremes

Extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, can negatively impact your well pump system.

• Freeze Protection: In colder climates, protect your well pump and piping from freezing. Insulate exposed pipes and consider a heat tape for added protection during severe cold snaps.

  • Frozen pipes can burst, leading to extensive water damage and pump failure.

• Overheating Prevention: Ensure adequate ventilation around the well pump motor and control box to prevent overheating, especially during hot weather.

  • Overheating can damage the motor windings and shorten the pump’s lifespan.

Professional Check-Ups: Expert Eyes Matter

Even with diligent home maintenance, scheduling professional check-ups is essential. A qualified well pump technician can perform more in-depth inspections and identify potential issues that might be missed during routine visual checks.

• Recommended Intervals: Consult your well pump manufacturer’s recommendations for service intervals. Typically, a professional check-up every one to three years is advisable.

• Pressure Tank Assessment: The technician can assess the pressure tank for proper operation and pressure settings. A faulty pressure tank can cause the pump to cycle excessively, leading to premature wear.

• Well Water Testing: Consider regular well water testing to detect any changes in water quality that could indicate issues with the well or pump.

By adopting these preventative maintenance measures, you can significantly extend the lifespan of your well pump, reduce the risk of unexpected breakdowns, and ensure a reliable water supply for your home.

Alright, hope that helps you get your water flowing again! If you’re still having trouble with your well, especially after trying the well pump control box reset button, maybe it’s time to call in a pro. Good luck!